Conference attendees who are not Chinese citizens need a Chinese visa to enter China. Attendees can apply for a tourist visa or a business visa at the Chinese embassy or consulate in the region where they live. For most atten dees, it is easiest to apply for a Tourist ("L") visa; an invitation letter is not required for obtaining a Tourist visa. If some participants need another type of visa that does require an invitation letter, the ISWSO local organization will be glad to help.